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TPN is the provision of nutrients intravenously in sufficient amounts to:
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Achieve catabolism
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Generate the formation of ketone bodies
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Achieve anabolism
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Create necessary branched-chain amino acids to stimulate hyperosmolar syndrome
Which of the following are common indicators for TPN therapy?
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Coma, citrate toxicity, and bowel surgery
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Renal failure, prolonged ileus, and gastrocutaneous fistulas
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Hepatic failure, hypermetabolic states, and malabsorption of enteral therapy
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Filtration, multiple trauma, and conditions requiring bowel rest
What is the most common carbohydrate used for TPN?
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Dextrose
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Fructose
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Invert sugar
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Lactose
What is the source of protein used in TPN?
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Alpha globulins
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Casein amino acids
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Free amino acids
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Immunoglobulins
What substances are generally added to total parenteral nutrition solutions?
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Electrolytes, trace elements, and vitamins
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Antifungal agents, electrolytes, and vitamins
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Electrolytes, antihistamine antagonists, and vitamins
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Citrate preservative, electrolytes, and vitamins
Which of the following is indicated to treat essential fatty acid deficiency?
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50% dextrose
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Branched-chain amino acids
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Lipids
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Selenium
Which one of the following statements accurately reflects principles of peripheral parenteral nutrition?
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Designed for acutely stressed patients.
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Used for therapies of 6 to 12 weeks.
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Crystalline amino acids used are within the 2-5% range.
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Standard dextrose concentration is usually 20%.
The regimen of time for the delivery of cyclic TPN therapy is usually how many hours?
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2-4
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6-10
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8-12
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12-18
Potential TPN-associated metabolic complications include which of the following?
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Sepsis, glucose intolerance, and electrolyte imbalances
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Cachexia, glucose intolerance, and essential fatty acid deficiency
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Lipoid nephrosis, glucose intolerance, and electrolyte imbalances
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Glucose intolerance, electrolyte imbalances, and essential fatty acid deficiency
The reversal of a hyperglycemic, hyperosmolar, nonketotic coma secondary to TPN requires the administration of:
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Anticoagulants
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Histamine blockers
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Insulin
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Sodium lactate
Dry-scaling skin, thinning hair, thrombocytopenia, and liver function abnormalities are clinical manifestations of what condition?
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Essential fatty acid deficiency
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Hyperlipemia
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Hyperosmolar syndrome
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Hypoglycemia
Which of the following filter porosity ratings is appropriate for use with three-in-one nutrient solutions?
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0.22u
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1.2u
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2.5u
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5u
The administration set used for the infusion of TPN solutions should be changed according to what schedule?
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With each container of fluid
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Every 24 hours
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Every 48 hours
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Every 72 hours
Which of the following is a nursing consideration specific to the intravenous administration of lipids?
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Monitoring lipemia clearance on a weekly basis
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Using only central venous access for the infusion
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Testing urine for glycosuria every 6 hours
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Using non-PVC tubing
What is the appropriate area for preparing TPN solutions?
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In the central supply department
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Under a laminar flow hood in the pharmacy
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In a clean medication room on the nursing division
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At the patient's bedside
